By Ciara McCarthy
Fort Worth Star-Telegram
ARLINGTON, Texas 鈥� Arlington鈥檚 first responders can now provide whole blood to trauma victims, a significant upgrade in the standard of care for patients who have suffered blood loss.
Whole blood is blood from a donor that has not been separated into its component parts. Previously, trauma victims in Arlington would receive saline solution in an emergency before they got to the hospital. Now, paramedics can provide mobile blood transfusions en route to the hospital.
| WATCH NOW: Bringing whole blood to the front lines of EMS
鈥淭he sooner we get blood started, the better the outcomes for patients, especially those who are experiencing hemorrhagic shock or some type of medical emergency,鈥� said Chris Weinzapfel, Arlington鈥檚 EMS operations manager. The whole blood program was launched jointly by the Arlington Fire Department, AMR Arlington and Medical City Arlington.
Dr. Mark Yazer, a professor of pathology at the University of Pittsburgh and an expert on whole blood, said whole blood is better for patients who have suffered blood loss because it restores plasma, platelets, and red blood cells altogether.
Using saline, or crystalloid fluids, in case of blood loss is actually harmful for patients, Yazer said.
鈥淲hat we now know is that saline contributes to mortality in patients in hemorrhagic shock,鈥� Yazer said.
Saline solutions and crystalloids 鈥渉ave no oxygen-carrying capability, no clotting factors. They have none of the components necessary to sustain life,鈥� Weinzapfel said.
鈥淲e anticipate seeing dramatic improvement in trauma mortality rates and dramatic improvement in trauma complication rates,鈥� said Sharn Barbarin, CEO at Medical City Arlington.
鈥淏efore, we were limited on what we could do for a patient that had a traumatic insult like that, and really kind of our only answer was to start an IV, get what we call TxA [tranexamic acid], which helps with the kind of the blood clotting portion of it, and drive fast to get to the hospital, hoping that we get there in time,鈥� Weinzapfel said.
of the nation鈥檚 carry whole blood, according to whole blood expert Randall Schaefer. Dallas and Fort Worth first responders also carry whole blood. Arlington took inspiration from its neighbors as well as San Antonio鈥檚 and Frisco鈥檚 whole blood programs, Weinzapfel said. Arlington鈥檚 first responders started planning the whole blood program toward the end of 2023.
There will be three units in the EMS system carrying whole blood, Weinzapfel said, and when a call comes in that meets blood dispatch criteria (or a crew is requesting blood) the closest unit will get dispatched to the call.
Everyone in Arlington鈥檚 EMS system has been trained on how to give blood. Part of the Arlington team鈥檚 training also included being able to recognize patients with religious beliefs that prohibit receiving blood transfusions, like Jehovah鈥檚 Witnesses, said EMS lieutenant Jason Adams.
The majority 鈥� about 75% 鈥� of whole blood will go to trauma patients, with the rest going to medical patients, Weinzapfel said.
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